Having survived the Mongol Empire, WWII, and Chernobyl, Kyiv is the proud capital of Ukraine. Filled with theaters, museums, religious sites, modern buildings and ancient ruins, the city of Kyiv is the center of Ukrainian culture. The Monastery of the Caves, founded in 1015, and Saint Sophia Cathedral, founded in 1037, are both World Heritage Sites. The Museum of the Great Patriotic War, topped by the massive Motherland Statue, provides gorgeous views of the city below.