This market is a short walk from Galleria dell' Academia. Around the outside of the market are stall selling leather goods. Inside is food galore from fresh fruits, vegetables, meat, fish to salami, cheese, sandwich shops, coffee bars and gourmet shops selling balsamico vinegar. The balsamic vinegars must be big money makers because so many stores have set up stations for testing. If you are buying the expensive bottles, try bargaining a bit, you'll be surprised the prices can be negotiated. And if you live overseas, you can have goods shipped home for 50-60 euros per 5kg. Not cheap, but it's an option.
There is one stall in the middle that sells cheese, ham and salami. He must have really good stuff at reasonable prices because there are many locals as well as tourists who line up to buy all sorts of goodies. For an extra 0.50 euro, he can seal your ham or cheese in vacuum pack so you can keep them longer. We bought parmigiano reggiano cheese from him for 14.9euro/kg. His Parmigiano reggiano classico is 15.9euro/kg, but you must buy a whole piece without cutting.