Luxor was the ancient city of Thebes, the great capital of (Upper) Egypt, . Thebes was also known as “the city of the 100 gates”, and was one of only three cities in Egypt Thebes played a major role in expelling the Hyksos from Upper Egypt and had risen as the political, religious and military capital of Ancient Egypt, which its main god was Amun, who was the ‘king of gods’ the temple of Amun, where the statue of the god was transferred from Karnak during the Opet Festival, the great religious feast ,Thebes remained a site of spirituality up to the Christian era, the Christian monks established monasteries amidst several ancient monuments including the temple of Hatshepsut, now called el-Deir el-Bahri (“the northern monastery”) , which is largely considered to be one of the “incomparable monuments of ancient Egypt”