Memphis and Saqqara are two archaeological sites located 25 kilometers south of Cairo. Memphis and Saqqara are very close, so they often visit the same day. Memphis was the capital of Egypt at the time of the Old Kingdom. It still remains a colossus of Ramses II lying and a spectacular sphinx of alabaster. The city of Memphis , which is now almost completely disappeared, was the epicenter of religious and administrative at Lower Egypt . Memphis was also the place where lived the Pharaohs and the capital of Egypt in the early dynastic period and the Old Kingdom. The classical sources and archaeological study show that Memphis was one of the most important administrative centers throughout Egypt.