Located in the Middle East many visitors might just think Damascus is a place of hot sun and little rain. That would only be partially true, and then only during the long hot summer. But in truth Damascus is actually a city with a full four seasons.
The summers in Syria and around Damascus can be extremely hot and very dry. Daytime temperatures that hover around 100 degrees are not uncommon from June through August. Things do cool off quite a bit when the sun goes down however, and the evenings can be extremely comfortable with temperatures in the low to middle 60s. This makes for good sleeping, especially in the quieter resorts and part of town. There is almost no rain in the summer months, and any rain is considered truly surprising in July or August.
The spring and fall can be extremely pleasant with only a bit of rain, cooler weather and still endless sun. April and May, and September and October can make for the best times to visit. During the day temperatures can be in the 80s and at night in the low 60s.
From November to March is the rainy season, if a couple of inches in a month can be considered wet! The temperatures drop considerably (at least by Syrian standards) with highs in the low to mid 60s and nighttime temperatures near freezing. It almost never snows and if it does it does stay around long enough to be noticed. But with a strong wind the winters can feel downright chilly especially the sun goes down.