I.   Anne Frank House and the Westerkerk    -   You should not miss the Anne Frank House.   It is such a moving experience.   It may be best to get in line to visit the house during the last hour.   The waiting line may be shorter then.   Don't miss going up in the Westerkerk bell tower:  if you are up for the climb.  There are some GREAT views of the city from there.

II.   Canal Boat Tour     -     There are several companies offering boat tours.   It is a great way to get an overview of the city and it is a very different view of the city than walking around or on the trams.   Some of the tours are hop-on hop-off so you can use the tour to get around town.   Some also are good for a 24 hour period:   not just the day the ticket is issued.
III.   Van Gogh Museum – A great, modern exhibit hall with so much of the great man’s life on display.   Many of the items are works that influenced him.
IV.   Coffeeshops (if you indulge in other than coffee) – Even if you don’t Indulge, some of the trendy houses are great places to get an actual cup of great coffee and people watch.
V.   Dam Square -   Such a hub for SO many visitors, 24 hours a day.   Several times a year there are carnivals or festivals there in the square.
VI.   Vondelpark – On a sunny afternoon the park will be crowded with tourists and locals.   Take a picnic or just your love of life:   sit and watch the whole of Amsterdam go by.
VII.   Floating Flower Market – So many beautiful flowers and plants available.   There are other tourist shops there in the street too.   Buy some flowers and take them back to your hotel … they can find you a vase to put them in.
VIII.   Aalsmeer Flower Auction   - Come see where 75% of ALL the cut flowers in the world are auctioned off.   It is a self-guided tour where you will see 100's of thousands of flowers being whisked about to and from the auction rooms.   It is truly amazing.  
IX.   One kilometer long market running along Albert Cuypstraat – See where the locals do some of their day-to-day shopping.  One of the largest outdoor markets in Europe.
X.   Red Light District (RLD) - Amsterdam actually has more than one RLD. The world famous one is a five minute walk from Centraal Station. Given the substantial police presence it is a safe place to be night or day. It can get very crowded on weekend evenings.
XI.   Chinatown – Centered around a street named Zeedijk, adjacent to the RLD, this is the place to go if you are looking for authentic Cantonese food.